Banana, coconut, and Twinkie
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Banana, coconut, and Twinkie are pejorative terms for Asian Americans who are perceived to have been assimilated and acculturated into mainstream American culture. In Australia, South Africa, and the United Kingdom, coconut is similarly used against people of color to imply a betrayal of their Aboriginal or other non-white ethnic identity. The terms derive from a perception that a person is "yellow [or brown] on the outside, white on the inside", or is "acting white".
United States
[edit]In the United States, the terms Banana, coconut, and Twinkie are used primarily used for Asian Americans who are perceived to have been assimilated and acculturated into mainstream American culture and who do not conform to typical South Asian or East Asian cultures.[1][2]
Banana and Twinkie refer to a person being perceived as "yellow on the outside, white on the inside", and are mainly applied to people from East Asia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and some other parts of Southeast Asia.[1][2] The latter term is derived from the American snack food called a Twinkie, which has a yellow exterior surrounding a white filling.[1] Coconut is used to refer to darker-skinned Asians, such as those from South Asia or sometimes the Philippines.[1][2]
Any of these terms may be used by Asians and Asian Americans, as well as non–Asian Americans, to disparage Asians or Asian Americans for a lack of perceived authenticity or conformity, and by non–Asian Americans to praise their assimilation into mainstream white, Anglo, Christian European-American culture.[2]
Commonwealth countries
[edit]In Australia, the term coconut is a derogatory term used against Indigenous Australians (usually, although not always, by other Indigenous people)[3] to imply a betrayal of their Aboriginal identity;[4] a lack of loyalty to their people because they are perceived to be "acting white" (like a coconut, which is brown on the outside, white on the inside).[5] This is analogous to the American usage described above, and similar in meaning to the American term Uncle Tom, also used in Australia, by which people are criticised for "acting white".[6][7][8]
Coconut is used similarly in the UK[9] and in South Africa.[10][11]
See also
[edit]- American-born confused desi – Cultural slang
- Banana § Racial signifier
- Boba liberal – Pejorative term for Asians in the West
- Choc ice § Racial slur
- Internalized racism – Adherence to racist beliefs and customs by subordinated groups
- Jook-sing – Term for person of Chinese descent who adopts Western cultural norms
- Oreo § Use of the word "Oreo" as a slur
- Race traitor – Pejorative racial term
- List of ethnic slurs § Twinkie
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Wren, James Allan (2016). "Banana, Coconut, and Twinkie". In Fee, Christopher R.; Webb, Jeffrey B. (eds.). American Myths, Legends, and Tall Tales: An Encyclopedia of American Folklore, Volume 1. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. pp. 74–76. ISBN 978-1-61069-568-8.
- ^ a b c d Tu, Dawn Lee (2011). "'Twinkie,' 'Banana,' 'Coconut'". In Lee, Jonathan H.X.; Nadeau, Kathleen M. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Asian American folklore and folklife. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. pp. 88–89. ISBN 978-0-313-35066-5.
- ^ Lorde, Audre (1984). "Why I won't call you a 'coconut'...anymore..." (PDF).
- ^ "'coconut (black)': meaning and origin". word histories. 4 October 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ Dodson, Shannan (8 June 2017). "Shannan Dodson". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ Evans, Duncan (24 September 2023). "Shock voicemails after Price's number leaked". News.com.au. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ "More Uncle Toms Than Meet the Eye". Cape York Partnership. 28 July 2007. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ Karp, Paul; Butler, Josh (31 August 2023). "Warren Mundine claims Anthony Albanese unleashed 'horrible racist abuse' and 'attacked' voice opponents". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ "World Have Your Say: Is the term 'coconut' racist?". BBC. 27 January 2009. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ February, Tammy (20 August 2018). "Why being called a coconut is so damaging". Life. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ Chigumadzi, Panashe (24 August 2015). "Why I call myself a 'coconut' to claim my place in post-apartheid South Africa". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
Further reading
[edit]- Chow, Kat; Demby, Gene (14 September 2014). "Overthinking It: Using Food As A Racial Metaphor". Code Switch. NPR.
- Penaksovic, Kristin (Spring 1992). "Confessions of a Banana". Yisei Magazine. Harvard University. Archived from the original on 8 September 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2020.