Phalacridae
| Phalacridae Temporal range:
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|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Infraorder: | Cucujiformia |
| Superfamily: | Cucujoidea |
| Family: | Phalacridae Leach, 1815 |
The Phalacridae are a family of beetles commonly called the shining flower beetles, They are often found in composite flowers. They are oval-shaped, usually tan, and about 2 mm in length.[1] Most species feed on fungus, although a number feed on flower heads.[2]
Worldwide there are about 638 species in 52 genera.[3] The oldest possible record of the family is a specimen from Spanish amber, dating to the Albian stage of the Early Cretaceous.[4]
Taxonomy
[edit]This family includes the following subfamily:[5]
- Phaenocephalinae Matthews, 1899
- Phalacrinae Leach, 1815
Genera within this family include:[6]
- Phaenocephalus-group
- Phaenocephalus Wollaston, 1873
- Phalacrinus Blackburn, 1891
- Ranomafanacrinus Gimmel, 2013
- Stilbus-group
- Acylomus Sharp, 1888
- Nesiotus Guillebeau, 1896
- Stilbus Seidlitz, 1872
- Xanthocomus Guillebeau, 1893
- Pseudolibrus-group
- Litostilbus Guillebeau, 1894
- Megistopalpus Guillebeau, 1895
- Pseudolibrus Flach, 1889
- Phalacrus-group
- Phalacropsis Casey, 1890
- Phalacrus Paykull, 1800
- Olibroporus-group
- Austroporus Gimmel, 2013
- Olibroporus Casey, 1890
- Platyphalacrus Gimmel, 2013
- Pycinus Guillebeau, 1893
- Ochrolitus-group
- Ochrolitus Sharp, 1889
- Sveculus Gimmel, 2013
- Olibrus-group
- Olibrosoma-group
- Antennogasmus Gimmel, 2013
- Malagasmus Gimmel, 2013
- Olibrosoma Tournier, 1889
- Litochropus-group
- Litochropus Casey, 1890
- Neolitochrus Gimmel, 2013
- Genera incertae sedis
- Apallodes Reitter, 1873
- Augasmus Motschulsky, 1858
- Entomocnemus Guillebeau, 1894
- Eulitrus Sharp, 1889
- Grouvelleus Guillebeau, 1892
- Litochrus Erichson, 1845
- Malagophytus Gimmel, 2013
- Paracylomus Gimmel, 2013
References
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Phalacridae.
Wikispecies has information related to Phalacridae.
- ^ Borror, Donald J.; Triplehorn, Charles A.; Johnson, Norman F (1989). An Introduction to the Study of Insects (6th ed.). Fort Worth, Texas: Saunders College. p. 800. ISBN 0-03-025397-7.
- ^ Lawrence, John F.; Gimmel, Matthew L.; Steiner, Warren E. (2010-12-31), Kükenthal, Willy; Leschen, Richard A.B.; Beutel, Rolf G.; Lawrence, John F. (eds.), "10.20. Phalacridae Leach, 1815", Coleoptera, Beetles, Volume 2, Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim), DE GRUYTER, pp. 368–374, doi:10.1515/9783110911213.368, ISBN 978-3-11-019075-5, retrieved 2022-10-02
- ^ Matthew L. Gimmel World checklist of valid names in Phalacridae Louisiana State Arthropod Museum
- ^ Peris, David; Ruzzier, Enrico; Perrichot, Vincent; Delclòs, Xavier (July 2016). "Evolutionary and paleobiological implications of Coleoptera (Insecta) from Tethyan-influenced Cretaceous ambers". Geoscience Frontiers. 7 (4): 695–706. doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2015.12.007. hdl:2445/100747. S2CID 56018971.
- ^ Bouchard P, Bousquet Y, Davies AE, Alonso-Zarazaga MA, Lawrence JF, Lyal CH, Newton AF, Reid CA, Schmitt M, Slipiński SA, Smith AB (April 2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys (88): 1–972. doi:10.3897/zookeys.88.807. PMC 3088472. PMID 21594053.
- ^ Gimmel ML (January 2013). "Genus-level revision of the family Phalacridae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea)". Zootaxa. 3605: 1–147. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3605.1.1. PMID 24614246.
- Thompson, Richard T. (1958). "Part 5b Phalacridae". Coleoptera. Handbooks for the identification of British insects. Vol. 5. Royal Entomological Society. OCLC 879107883.